France's President Emmanuel Macron, gestures as he delivers his final press conference on the second day of the G20 Leader's Summit, in Buenos Aires, on December 01, 2018. - G20 leaders on Saturday found the minimum common ground on the global economy at a summit in Buenos Aires with a closing communique that left divisions on clear display. (Photo by Ludovic MARIN / AFP)
As more than 100 people prepared to appear in court over the worst clashes in central Paris in decades on Saturday, Macron's government was preparing its response.
Prime Minister Edouard Philippe, who cancelled a scheduled trip to Poland, was set to meet the heads of the main political parties, many of whom sense opportunities in Macron's woes.
But the 40-year-old president appeared determined not to roll back the unpopular hikes in fuel tax which sparked the protests or announce state handouts for poor families.
"Thinking that, as we have always done for 30 years, that you make a little symbolic gesture and then we sweep the dust under the carpet, that doesn't resolve the fundamental, structural problem," spokesman Benjamin Griveaux said on France Inter radio.
The protests erupted over fuel taxes but have since morphed into a wider wave of resistance to Macron's economic reforms, with the third round of demonstrations called for Saturday in Paris.
Macron, a 40-year-old centrist, was elected in May 2017 on a pro-business platform that promised measures to incite companies to invest to create jobs.
Immediately after coming to power, he pushed through tax cuts for entrepreneurs and high-earners -- policies that have become a lightning rod for anger among the so-called "gilets Jaunes" or "yellow vests".
Macron's task now is also complicated by his own desire not to yield to France's street protests, which in the past have repeatedly forced his predecessors into U-turns.
Jacline Mouraud, one of the protest movement's prime instigators, told AFP that scrapping the fuel tax was a "prerequisite for any discussion" with the government.
Government paralysis?
After his meeting political rivals on Monday, Prime Minister Philippe is set to hold talks with representatives of the "yellow vests" on Tuesday.
He would then announce "measures" aimed at taking the heat out of the protests, his office said.
"Mr President, we need a response," demanded the front-page headline of Le Parisien newspaper on Monday.
"Swamped" read the headline of left-leaning Liberation newspaper which said the government seemed "paralysed by the yellow vest movement that it can't stop and that risks boiling over".
Amid criticism of policing methods on Saturday that saw dozens of cars torched and shops vandalised, the government ruled out imposing a state of emergency which had been mooted.
Deputy interior minister Laurent Nunez said that emergency measures were "one option among others," but he said it was "not on the table for now".
Economy Minister Bruno Le Maire said that solution for tackling low purchasing power for struggling families lay in reducing the tax burden in France, which is among the highest in Europe.
"We must speed up the reduction of taxes," he said. "But for that we must speed up the decrease in public spending."
Business losses
Macron, a former investment banker, was booed on Sunday by onlookers while surveying the damage caused during the rioting.
The president assessed the Arc de Triomphe, the massive monument to France's war dead at the top of the Champs-Elysees avenue, where rioters scrawled graffiti and ransacked the ticketing and reception areas.
He also saw the wreckage of burnt-out cars and damaged buildings from rioting at other sites but has not spoken publicly about the destruction since his return from a G20 summit in Argentina.
Paris police said 412 people were arrested on Saturday during the worst clashes for years in the capital and 363 remained in custody, according to the latest figures.
A total of 263 people were injured nationwide, including 133 in the capital, 23 of them members of the security forces.
The violence has caused deep concern in the French business community which claims it has already lost billions of euros, and representatives are set to attend a meeting at the economy ministry on Monday.
"Our worst fears have been confirmed: this is the third consecutive weekend of (protest) blockades which amounts to a major loss for the whole business community," Jacques Creyssel, representative of a federation of retail businesses, told AFP.
Three people have died in incidents linked to the anti-government protests which began on November 17.
On Saturday, the Champs-Elysees, the Louvre museum, the Opera and Place Vendome were among the ritzy areas where shop windows were smashed and dozens of cars torched by rioters.
One person was in a critical condition after protesters pulled down one of the huge iron gates of the Tuileries garden by the Louvre, crushing several people.
Nearly 190 fires were put out and six buildings were set alight, the interior ministry said.
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